Conditions We Treat
Specialized expertise in diagnosing and treating liver, pancreatic, and biliary conditions — from common presentations to the most complex cases
Liver
Liver Conditions
Including primary and secondary tumors, cysts, and surgical liver diseases
Liver Cancer
Hepatocellular Carcinoma & Cholangiocarcinoma
Primary liver cancer includes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Surgical resection remains the gold standard for eligible patients, offering the best chance of cure.
Common Symptoms
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Unexplained weight loss
- Jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes)
- Abdominal swelling
Treatment Options
- Liver resection (hepatectomy)
- Laparoscopic & robotic surgery
- Liver transplantation
Liver Metastases
Secondary Liver Tumors
Liver metastases are secondary tumors that have spread to the liver from other organs, most commonly colorectal cancer. Surgical resection of liver metastases can significantly improve survival in selected patients.
Common Symptoms
- Abdominal pain (right upper quadrant)
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue and weakness
- Jaundice in advanced cases
Treatment Options
- Liver resection for metastases
- Staged hepatectomy (two-stage)
- Laparoscopic liver surgery
Liver Cysts
Simple & Complex Hepatic Cysts
Liver cysts are fluid-filled sacs within the liver. Most are benign and asymptomatic, but large or complex cysts may require surgical treatment to relieve symptoms or rule out malignancy.
Common Symptoms
- Dull ache or fullness in the right abdomen
- Nausea
- Early satiety
- Abdominal distension
Treatment Options
- Laparoscopic cyst deroofing
- Open surgical excision
- Aspiration & sclerotherapy (selected cases)
Hydatid Liver Cyst
Echinococcal (Parasitic) Liver Cyst
Hydatid liver disease is caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. It forms large parasitic cysts in the liver that require surgical removal to prevent rupture, infection, and spread.
Common Symptoms
- Right upper abdominal pain
- Palpable abdominal mass
- Nausea and vomiting
- Jaundice (if bile duct involvement)
Treatment Options
- Surgical cystectomy (open or laparoscopic)
- PAIR procedure (selected cases)
- Pre/post-operative antiparasitic therapy
Biliary
Biliary & Gallbladder Conditions
Including gallstones, bile duct stones, injuries, and congenital abnormalities
Gallstone Disease
Cholelithiasis & Cholecystitis
Gallstones are hardened deposits in the gallbladder that can cause pain, inflammation, and serious complications. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease.
Common Symptoms
- Sudden severe pain in the right upper abdomen
- Pain radiating to the right shoulder or back
- Nausea and vomiting
- Fever and chills (if infected)
Treatment Options
- Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
- Open cholecystectomy (complex cases)
- ERCP for bile duct stones
Bile Duct Stones
Choledocholithiasis
Bile duct stones (choledocholithiasis) are gallstones that have migrated into the common bile duct, causing obstruction, jaundice, and potentially life-threatening infections (cholangitis).
Common Symptoms
- Jaundice
- Dark urine
- Pale stools
- Severe abdominal pain
Treatment Options
- ERCP with stone extraction
- Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration
- Open bile duct surgery (complex cases)
Choledochal Cyst
Congenital Bile Duct Dilatation
Choledochal cysts are congenital abnormalities of the bile ducts characterized by cystic dilatation. They carry a risk of malignant transformation and require complete surgical excision.
Common Symptoms
- Abdominal pain
- Jaundice
- Palpable abdominal mass
- Recurrent cholangitis
Treatment Options
- Complete cyst excision
- Hepaticojejunostomy (Roux-en-Y)
- Laparoscopic cyst excision
Mirizzi's Syndrome
Gallstone-Induced Bile Duct Obstruction
Mirizzi's syndrome is a rare complication of gallstone disease where a stone impacted in the cystic duct or gallbladder neck compresses the common hepatic duct, causing jaundice and biliary obstruction.
Common Symptoms
- Jaundice
- Recurrent biliary colic
- Fever and chills
- Abdominal pain
Treatment Options
- Laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy
- Bile duct reconstruction
- Biliary-enteric bypass (advanced cases)
Bile Duct Injuries
Iatrogenic & Traumatic Bile Duct Damage
Bile duct injuries most commonly occur as a complication of cholecystectomy. They range from minor leaks to complete transection and require expert surgical reconstruction to restore biliary drainage.
Common Symptoms
- Jaundice after previous surgery
- Abdominal pain and distension
- Fever and signs of infection
- Bile leak (bile peritonitis)
Treatment Options
- Hepaticojejunostomy (Roux-en-Y)
- End-to-end bile duct repair
- ERCP with stenting (minor injuries)
Pancreas
Pancreatic Conditions
Including pancreatic tumors, cysts, and chronic pancreatitis
Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer & Tumors
Pancreatic cancer develops when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably within the pancreas. Early surgical intervention offers the best outcomes for resectable disease.
Common Symptoms
- Abdominal or back pain
- Jaundice
- Unexplained weight loss
- New-onset diabetes
Treatment Options
- Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy)
- Distal pancreatectomy
- Total pancreatectomy
Pancreatic Cysts
Benign, Pre-malignant & Malignant Cystic Lesions
Pancreatic cysts include a spectrum of lesions from benign simple cysts to pre-malignant mucinous cysts (IPMN, MCN) and malignant cystic tumors. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical management are essential.
Common Symptoms
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Nausea and vomiting
- Back pain
- Jaundice (if compressing bile duct)
Treatment Options
- Distal pancreatectomy
- Whipple procedure (head lesions)
- Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery
When to Seek Care
Warning Signs That Need Prompt Attention
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, do not delay seeking specialist medical advice.
Need a Second Opinion?
Prof. Elmoghazy offers second opinion consultations for patients who have received a diagnosis or treatment plan and wish to verify it. Remote consultations are available to review medical reports and imaging.